![]() ![]() In particular, I reexamined the posthumous portrait of Alexander the Great in which he wears an elephant scalp as a headdress, similar to Heracles' lion scalp. Tracing the appearance of the elephant in Hellenistic history and art, I suggest that the elephant not only continued to be associated with its Asian and African origins and came to symbolize military triumph over exotic foes, it retained religious and mythic proportions as a fearsome, fabulous monster connected with the martichora and unicorn, griffon and sphinx, dragon and hippocampus. From this time, the animal began to appear in Greco-Roman art. Subsequently, the Successors and later Hellenistic rulers similarly used elephants in battle. The Greco-Macedonian troops first encountered these fearsome creatures in battle during the campaign of Alexander the Great. The subject of the research is the historical role of Alexander Hellenism as global process of cultural interaction are the main topic of the exhibition Authors of the articles and entries of the catalogue are historians of Ancient East and those of Classical history, archeologists, linguists, historians of art of the State Hermitage Museum and Saint-Petersburg State University.Įlephants were first deployed in warfare by Indian and Persian armies. Historic role of Alexander in shaping the fortune of the world. This influense spread in huge territory - from Greece to India, Mongolia and China. ![]() Stepping on fareway land Alexander and his army brought with them Hellenistic culture. The show tells us the story about meeting of great civilizations - Hellenistic states, ancient Oriental empires, the world of nomads. More than 350 objects from the collections of the State Hermitage museum spanning the period more than 2 500 years, from the 5 century BC to the 19 сentury. 7 years.The catalogue of the exhibition is devoted to Alexander the Great, his Eastern campaign and its consequences on East and West. Single territory rights for trade books worldwide rights for academic books. Image for Editorial (Books, magazines and newspaper) - extended ![]() (excludes advertising)Įg:Illustrate the inside of a book or magazine with a print run of 1,000 unitsĮditorial (Books, magazines and newspaper) - extended Image for Editorial (Books, magazines and newspaper) - standard All languages.Įg: Use this image as part of a social media post.Įditorial (Books, magazines and newspaper) - standard Web display, social media, apps or blogs. Image for Corporate website or social media Personal presentation use or non-commercial, non-public use within a company or organization only. Image for Personal website or social media Put this image on a mug as a present for someone. Not for commercial use, not for public display, not for resale.Įg: For use in an internal Powerpoint presentation at work. Personal Prints, Cards, Gifts, Slide Presentations, Reference. Image for Personal products and non-commercial presentations Personal products and non-commercial presentations Photo credit Pictures from History / Bridgeman Images Keywords bust Egypt then became the Roman province of Aegyptus. She was outlived by Caesarion, who was declared pharaoh by his supporters, but soon killed on Octavian's orders. According to tradition, she killed herself by means of an asp bite on August 12, 30 BCE. After losing the Battle of Actium to Octavian's forces, Antony committed suicide. With Antony, she bore the twins Cleopatra Selene II and Alexander Helios, and another son, Ptolemy Philadelphus. After Caesar's assassination in 44 BCE, she aligned with Mark Antony in opposition to Caesar's legal heir, Gaius Julius Caesar Octavianus (later known as Augustus). She later elevated her son with Caesar, Caesarion, to co-ruler in name. As pharaoh she consummated a liaison with Julius Caesar that solidified her grip on the throne. Cleopatra originally ruled jointly with her father, Ptolemy XII Auletes, and later with her brothers, Ptolemy XIII and Ptolemy XIV, whom she married according to Egyptian custom, but eventually she became sole ruler. By contrast, Cleopatra did learn to speak Egyptian and represented herself as the reincarnation of an Egyptian goddess, Isis. The Ptolemies, throughout their dynasty, spoke Greek and refused to speak Egyptian, which is the reason that Greek as well as Egyptian languages were used on official court documents such as the Rosetta Stone. Cleopatra was a member of the Ptolemaic dynasty, a family of Macedonian Greek origin that ruled Egypt after Alexander the Great's death during the Hellenistic period. After her reign, Egypt became a province of the then-recently established Roman Empire. Description Cleopatra VII Philopator (69 - August 12, 30 BCE), known to history simply as Cleopatra, was the last active pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt, shortly survived as pharaoh by her son Caesarion. ![]()
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